1. What is Sunlight Azimuth Calculation?

Definition: This calculator determines the compass direction (azimuth) of the sun's path based on hour angle, latitude, and solar declination.

Purpose: It helps astronomers, architects, and solar energy professionals understand and predict the sun's path across the sky.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses the formula:

Where:

• Azimuth — Compass direction of the sun (degrees, 0-360)
• HA — Hour angle (degrees, local solar time)
• φ — Latitude of the observer (degrees)
• δ — Solar declination (degrees)

Explanation: The formula calculates the sun's horizontal position relative to true north using spherical trigonometry.

3. Importance of Azimuth Calculation

Details: Knowing the sun's azimuth helps in solar panel placement, building design for natural lighting, and understanding seasonal sunlight patterns.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the hour angle (degrees from solar noon), your latitude (degrees), and current solar declination (degrees). All values must be valid angles.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is hour angle?
A: The hour angle measures how far the sun has moved from solar noon (15° per hour, negative before noon, positive after).

Q2: How do I find solar declination?
A: Solar declination varies by date (±23.45°). Use our Solar Declination Calculator or astronomical tables.

Q3: What does azimuth 0° mean?
A: 0° azimuth points to true north, 90° east, 180° south, and 270° west.

Q4: Why does azimuth change throughout the day?
A: As the sun moves across the sky, its compass direction changes, especially near sunrise and sunset.

Q5: How accurate is this calculation?
A: Very accurate for most purposes, though atmospheric refraction can cause small deviations near horizons.